娼涙按娉典富瑕佸垎椤�(l猫i)
1. 娼涙按娉靛氨浣跨敤浠嬭唱(zh矛)渚�(l谩i)瑾�(shu艒)锛屾經姘存车澶ч珨涓婂彲浠ュ垎鐐烘竻姘存經姘存车锛屾薄姘存經姘存车锛屾捣姘存經姘存车锛堟湁鑵愯潟鎬э級涓夐(l猫i)銆�
2. 娼涙按娉电殑瀹夎鏂瑰紡
1) 绔嬪紡璞庣洿浣跨敤锛屾瘮濡傚湪涓€鑸殑姘翠簳涓�锛�
2) 鏂滃紡浣跨敤锛屾瘮濡傚湪绀︿簳鏈夋枩搴︾殑宸烽亾涓�锛�
3) 鑷ュ紡浣跨敤锛屾瘮濡傚湪姘存睜涓娇鐢�銆�

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浜曠敤娼涙按娉�
娓呮按娼涙按娉电偤澶氱礆(j铆)娉�锛屼富瑕佺敤浜庡緸绮樺湡灞ょ殑姗�(j墨)浜曘€佸湡浜曟垨姘村韩(k霉)绛夎檿鎻愭按锛岄仼鍚堜簬宸ュ粻銆佺う灞辨垨杈�(n贸ng)鐢扮亴婧�銆�1928骞�锛岀編鍦�(gu贸)甯冮殕·鏉板厠閬滐紙Byron Jakson锛夊叕鍙搁娆＄爺鍒跺嚭娼涙按闆绘车銆傞毃鍚庣殑30骞翠唬锛屽痉鍦�(gu贸)銆佽嫳鍦�(gu贸)銆佺編鍦�(gu贸)銆佹棩鏈瓑鍦�(gu贸)瀹堕枊(k膩i)濮嬬敓鐢�(ch菐n)“娣变簳娼涙按娉�”銆�
浣滄キ(y猫)闈㈡經姘存车
浣滄キ(y猫)闈㈡經姘存车灞簬灏忓瀷娼涙按娉碉紙鍠礆(j铆)娉碉級锛岀敱浜庡畨瑁濆鏄�銆佷娇鐢ㄦ柟渚�锛屽湪寰堝鍫�(ch菐ng)鎵€琚唬娉涗娇鐢�銆�1948骞�锛岀憺鍏搁鍔涳紙Sterbery-Flygt锛夐娆＄爺鍒跺嚭“浣滄キ(y猫)闈㈡經姘存车”銆�60骞翠唬锛岀編鍦�(gu贸)銆佽嫳鍦�(gu贸)銆佸痉鍦�(gu贸)銆佹棩鏈�銆佽槆鑱�(li谩n)绛夊湅(gu贸)瀹朵篃闁�(k膩i)濮嬪ぇ鎵归噺鐢熺敘(ch菐n)銆備腑鍦�(gu贸)1958骞撮枊(k膩i)濮嬬敓鐢�(ch菐n)“浣滄キ(y猫)闈㈡經姘存车”锛�60骞翠唬鐧�(f膩)灞曠偤“QY鍨嬫經姘存车锛堝厖娌瑰紡锛�”锛�70骞翠唬鐧�(f膩)灞曚簡“QS鍨嬫經姘存车锛堝厖姘村紡锛�”锛�80骞翠唬鍙堢櫦(f膩)灞曚簡“QX鍜孌QX鍨嬫經姘存车锛堝共寮忥級”銆� 80骞翠唬鍚庢湡“浣滄キ(y猫)闈㈡經姘存车”寰楀埌浜嗛閫熺殑鐧�(f膩)灞曪紝骞朵笖閫愭澶у瀷鍖�銆佸鍏冨寲銆傚ぇ涓瀷娼涙按娉靛洜?y脿n)姒搨娉�?ji菐n)鍖栨车绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀瘈(ji茅)鐪佹车绔欏缓瑷�(sh猫)鎶曡硣绛夌獊鍑哄劒(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)锛屽湪甯傛斂銆佸伐绀︾瓑鏂归潰寰楀埌寤ｆ硾鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
娼涙薄娉�
娼涙薄娉典富瑕佺敤浜庤几閫佸伐妤�(y猫)寤㈡按鍜屽煄甯傜敓娲绘薄姘�锛屽叾鏈€澶у劒(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)鏄彲鎺掔礄婕�銆侀暦(zh菐ng)绾栫董涔嬮(l猫i)闆滆唱(zh矛)銆傦紙鍥犳涔熺ū(ch膿ng)“鐒�(w煤)鍫靛鎺掓薄娼涙按娉�” 锛�銆傚唬娉涙噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ簬鍩庡競姹℃按铏曠悊寤�銆侀洦姘存睜銆佹车绔欍€侀槻娲帓鐏岀瓑铏�銆�1956骞�锛岀憺鍏搁鍔涳紙Sterbery-Flygt锛夐娆＄爺鍒跺嚭“娼涙薄娉�”锛屼娇姹℃按绔欑殑鎴愭湰澶х磩娓涘皯涓€鍗�銆備腑鍦�(gu贸)鍦�80骞翠唬鍚庢湡寰炲痉鍦�(gu贸)寮曢€�(j矛n)骞剁敓鐢�(ch菐n)“娼涙薄娉�”锛屼富瑕佹湁WQ銆丵W銆丄S绯诲垪鐢�(ch菐n)鍝�銆傦紙鎿�(j霉)绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)锛�“娼涙薄娉�”1995骞村乏鍙�锛屽湅(gu贸)鍏�(n猫i)骞寸敘(ch菐n)閲忕磩5钀�(w脿n)鑷�(t谩i)銆傦級
鎺掓矙娼涙按娉�
涓湅(gu贸)棣栬嚭(t谩i)“鎺掓矙娼涙按娉�”鏄敱涓婄帇鎱舵鏁欐巿鍦�1989骞寸爺鍒跺嚭KGQ12-50鍨嬫帓娌欐經姘存车锛岀稉(j墨ng)閬�(gu貌)澶氬勾鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�锛岀従(xi脿n)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鍝佸凡缍�(j墨ng)鏄鍥涗唬鎺掓矙娼涙按娉�——绀︾敤绔嬫车銆傛帓娌欐經姘存车鏄皥(zhu膩n)鐐烘按涓瘜鍚偿娌欑殑鎺掓按鐠�(hu谩n)澧冭ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨�锛屾槸濉(b菙)鍦�(gu贸)闅涚┖鐧界殑鏂扮敘(ch菐n)鍝併€傚叿鏈夋彋(y谩ng)绋嬮珮銆佽€愮（鎼嶇瓑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岄仼鍚堜簬绀﹀北銆� 宸ョ▼鎺橀€�(j矛n)銆佹惗闅�(xi菐n)鏁戠伣(z膩i)銆佺挵(hu谩n)淇濋櫎娌欑瓑姘翠腑鍚湁澶ч噺娉ユ矙鐨勭挵(hu谩n)澧冧笅鎺掓按銆傚湪瀵屽惈娉ユ矙鐨勭挵(hu谩n)澧冧笅鎺掓按锛屽＝鍛芥槸娼涙薄娉靛拰娓呮按娼涙按娉电殑5锝�10鍊�銆�
绀︾敤绔嬫车
绀︾敤绔嬫车锛岀鍥涗唬鏂版帓娌欐經姘存车锛屾槸绔嬫车鍜屾經姘存车鐨勬暣鍚堢敘(ch菐n)鍝侊紝鏃㈠彲浠ョ暥(d膩ng)娼涙按娉典娇鐢�锛屼篃鍙互鐣�(d膩ng)绔嬫车浣跨敤锛岀辜鎵夸簡娼涙按娉靛拰绔嬫车鐨勫劒(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)锛屽凡缍�(j墨ng)瓒呭嚭浜嗘經姘存车鐨勬蹇�锛屾槸鍚嶅壇鍏跺(sh铆)鐨�“鍏╂２娉�”銆傛寜鐓ф經姘存车鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�锛岀う鐢ㄧ珛娉靛爆浜庢經姘存车“鍑烘按鐧婚櫢涓婂哺”鐨勯€�(j矛n)鍖栫敘(ch菐n)鍝�銆�